Commonly Used Refrigerants in Industrial Chillers

2022/10/26 ClassificationIndustry News 176

Commonly Used Refrigerants in Industrial Chillers

The use of refrigerants has a long history, but people’s understanding of refrigerants is still in a primary stage, thinking that as long as refrigeration refrigerants are sufficient. In fact, the refrigerant is the soul of the refrigeration equipment, and the quality of the refrigerant is particularly important for the refrigeration equipment. But many people don’t know much about refrigerants, and they don’t know what kind of refrigerant to choose in any situation. Next, let me explain to you

The most commonly used refrigerants in industrial chillers are as follows:

Freon 22 (CHF2Cl) code name R22. R22 does not burn or explode, and its toxicity is slightly higher than that of R12. Although the solubility of water is higher than that of R12, it may still cause the phenomenon of “ice jam” in the refrigeration system. R22 can partially dissolve with lubricating oil, and its solubility varies with the type and temperature of lubricating oil, so the refrigeration system using R22 must have oil return measures.

The corresponding evaporation temperature of R22 under standard atmospheric pressure is -40.8 ℃, the condensing pressure does not exceed 15.68×105 Pa at normal temperature, and the refrigerating capacity per unit volume is more than 60% larger than that of R12. In air-conditioning equipment, R22 refrigerant is mostly used.

Freon 12 (CF2Cl2) code name R12 Freon 12 is a colorless, odorless, transparent, almost non-toxic refrigerant, but when the content in the air exceeds 80%, it can cause suffocation. Freon 12 will not burn or explode, and can decompose hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride and phosgene (COCl2) which are harmful to human body when it comes into contact with an open flame or when the temperature reaches above 400°C. R12 is a widely used medium temperature refrigerant, suitable for small and medium refrigeration systems, such as refrigerators, freezers, etc. R12 can dissolve a variety of organic substances, so general rubber gaskets (rings) cannot be used, usually chloroprene synthetic rubber or nitrile rubber sheets or sealing rings are used.

R404a is a mixed refrigerant that does not damage the ozone layer. It is a long-term replacement for R-502 and R-22 used in commercial refrigeration systems. R-404a is widely used in supermarket freezers, cold storage, display cabinets, transport refrigeration, ice machines and other fields.

R134a is the most widely used medium and low temperature environmentally friendly refrigerant. Due to the good comprehensive performance of HFC-134a, it becomes a very effective and safe substitute for CFC-12. It is mainly used in most fields where R12 refrigerant is used. Including: refrigerators, freezers, water dispensers, automotive air conditioners, central air conditioners, dehumidifiers, cold storage, commercial refrigeration, ice water machines, ice cream machines, refrigeration condensing units and other refrigeration equipment, and can also be used in aerosol propellants, medical gas Aerosol, insecticide propellant, polymer (plastic) physical foaming agent, and magnesium alloy protective gas, etc.

R410A: It is a new type of environmentally friendly refrigerant that does not destroy the ozone layer. Its working pressure is about 1.6 times that of ordinary R22 air conditioners, and its cooling (heating) efficiency is higher. Improve air conditioning performance without destroying the ozone layer. R410A new refrigerant is composed of two quasi-azeotropic mixtures, mainly composed of hydrogen, fluorine and carbon elements (expressed as hfc), and has the characteristics of stability, non-toxicity and superior performance. At the same time, because it does not contain chlorine, it will not react with ozone, nor will it destroy the ozone layer. In addition, the performance of air conditioners using new refrigerants will also be improved to a certain extent. R410A is the most suitable refrigerant to replace R22 so far internationally recognized, and has been popularized in Europe, America, Japan, etc.

R502 is a low temperature refrigerant with excellent refrigeration performance of high refrigeration capacity and fast refrigeration speed. Main uses: It can be used as a refrigerant for food display, food storage, refrigeration, ice cream, refrigerators, low temperature refrigerators and temperature-replacing refrigeration compressors. It is a mixture of R125/refrigerant R143 refrigerant, which is an environmentally friendly refrigerant that does not destroy the ozone layer. Mostly used in medium/low temperature commercial refrigeration systems. It is a long-term replacement for R-502 refrigerant (HFC-like substances), with zero ODP value and does not contain any ozone-depleting substances. Because the cooling capacity and efficiency of R507 refrigerant are very close to R502, and it has excellent heat transfer performance and low toxicity, R507 is more suitable for medium and low temperature refrigeration applications than any other R-502 substitutes.

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